Informational only — Not medical advice. Always consult a licensed healthcare provider.

Community data Updated 2 months ago

Indications

Xyclon is used to treat panic disorder, with or without agoraphobia. This condition involves unexpected panic attacks along with ongoing worry about having further attacks and about what the attacks might mean or lead to. Xyclon is also used, either alone or alongside other treatments, for Lennox-Gastaut syndrome (petit mal variant) as well as akinetic and myoclonic seizures. It may also be considered for patients with absence seizures (petit mal) who have not responded to succinimide medicines. How well Xyclon works when taken long-term, beyond 9 weeks, has not been formally studied in controlled clinical trials. A doctor choosing to prescribe Xyclon for an extended period should regularly review whether continuing the drug is still of benefit to that individual patient.

⚠️ Always consult a registered physician before taking any medicine.

Pharmacology

Clonazepam shares the pharmacological properties common to benzodiazepines, including anticonvulsant, sedative, muscle-relaxing and anxiolytic effects. The central actions of benzodiazepines come from a strengthening of GABAergic neurotransmission at inhibitory synapses. In the presence of benzodiazepines, the GABA receptor's affinity for the neurotransmitter is heightened through positive allosteric modulation, resulting in a greater action of released GABA on the postsynaptic transmembrane chloride ion flux. There are also animal data showing an effect of clonazepam on serotonin. Animal data and electroencephalographic investigations in man have shown that clonazepam rapidly suppresses many types of paroxysmal activity, including the spike-and-wave discharge in absence seizures (petit mal), slow spike wave, generalized spike wave, spikes with temporal or other locations, as well as irregular spikes and waves. Generalized EEG abnormalities are more consistently suppressed than focal abnormalities. Based on these findings, clonazepam has beneficial effects in both generalized and focal epilepsies.

Pregnancy & Breastfeeding

Pregnancy: From preclinical studies it cannot be excluded that clonazepam possesses the possibility of producing congenital malformations. From epidemiological evaluations there is evidence that anticonvulsant drugs act as teratogens. However, it is difficult to determine from published epidemiological reports which drug or combination of drugs is responsible for defects in the newborn. The possibility also exists that other factors e.g. genetic factors or the epileptic condition itself may be more important than drug therapy in leading to birth defects. Under these circumstances, the drug should only be administered to pregnant women if the potential benefits outweigh the risk to the foetus. During pregnancy, Clonazepam may be administered only if there is a compelling indication. Administration of high doses in the last trimester of pregnancy or during labour can cause irregularities in the heartbeat of the unborn child and hypothermia, hypotonia, mild respiratory depression and poor feeding in the neonate. It should be borne in mind that both pregnancy itself and abrupt discontinuation of the medication can cause exacerbation of epilepsy. Withdrawal symptoms in newborn infants have occasionally been reported with benzodiazepines.Nursing Mothers: Although the active ingredient of Clonazepam has been found to pass into the maternal milk in small amounts only, mothers undergoing treatment with this drug should not breastfeed. If there is a compelling indication for Clonazepam, breastfeeding should be discontinued.

⚠️ Talk to your doctor before taking any medicine during pregnancy or while breastfeeding.

Dosage Reference

⚠️ Reference ranges from official sources only. Consult your doctor for personalized dosing.

Adults: Oral, adults: For seizure disorders, the starting dose should not exceed 1.5 mg a day, split into three doses. The dose may be increased by 0.5 to 1 mg every 3 days until seizures are well controlled or side effects prevent any further increase. The maintenance dose must be tailored to each patient based on response, and the maximum recommended daily dose is 20 mg. For panic disorder, the starting dose is 0.25 mg given in two divided doses, which may be raised to a target of 1 mg a day for most patients after 3 days. Pediatric patients: To minimize drowsiness, infants and children up to 10 years of age or 30 kg of body weight should start with 0.01 to 0.03 mg/kg a day, not exceeding 0.05 mg/kg a day, given in two or three divided doses. Injection: For infants and children, half a vial (0.5 mg) is given by slow IV injection or IV infusion. For adults, 1 vial (1 mg) is given by slow IV injection or IV infusion; this dose can be repeated as needed, and 1 to 4 mg is usually enough to reverse status epilepticus. In adults, the injection rate must not exceed 0.25 to 0.5 mg per minute (0.5 to 1.0 ml of the prepared solution), and a total dose of 10 mg should not be exceeded.

Side Effects & Interactions

Side Effects

No side-effect data recorded yet.