Ciprofloxacin

Adults: Dosage: General dosage recommendations: The dosage of Ciprofloxacin is determined by the severity and type of infection, the sensitivity of the causative organism(s), and the age, weight and renal function of the patient. Adults: The dosage range for adults is 100 to 750 mg twice daily. In infections of the lower and upper urinary tract (depending on severity): 250 to 500 mg twice daily. In respiratory tract infections: 250 to 500 mg twice daily for both upper and lower respiratory tract infections, depending on the severity. For the treatment of known Streptococcus pneumoniae infection, the recommended dosage is 750 mg twice daily. In gonorrhea: a single dose of 250 or 500 mg. In the majority of other infections: 500 to 750 mg twice daily should be administered. Cystic fibrosis: in adults with pseudomonal infections of the lower respiratory tract, the normal dose is 750 mg twice daily. As the pharmacokinetics of Ciprofloxacin remain unchanged in patients with cystic fibrosis, the low body weight of these patients should be taken into consideration when determining dosage. Impaired renal function: dosage adjustment is not usually required except in patients with severe renal impairment (serum creatinine greater than 265 micromol/l or creatinine clearance less than 20 ml/minute). If adjustment is necessary, this may be achieved by reducing the total daily dose by half, although monitoring of drug serum levels provides the most reliable basis for dose adjustment. Elderly: although higher Ciprofloxacin serum levels are found in the elderly, no adjustment of dosage is necessary. Adeloscents and children: as with other drugs in its class, Ciprofloxacin has been shown to cause arthropathy in weight bearing joints of immature animals. Although the relevance of this to man is unknown, its use in children, growing children and growing adolescents is not recommended. However, where the benefit of using Ciprofloxacin is considered to outweigh the potential risk, the dosage should be 7.5 to 15 mg/kg/day depending upon the severity of infection, administered in two divided doses. Duration of treatment: the duration of treatment depends upon the severity of infection, clinical response and bacteriological findings. For acute infections: the usual treatment period is 5 to 10 days with Ciprofloxacin tablets. Generally treatment should be continued for three days after the signs and symptoms of the infection have disappeared. Extended release tablet: in uncomplicated urinary tract infection (acute cystitis), the recommended dose of extended release tablet is one 1000 mg tablet once daily for three days. For IV infusion, urinary tract infection: mild to moderate, 200 mg every 12 hours for 7 to 14 days; severe or complicated, 400 mg every 12 hours for 7 to 14 days. Lower respiratory tract infection: mild to moderate, 400 mg every 12 hours for 7 to 14 days; severe or complicated, 400 mg every 8 hours for 7 to 14 days. Nosocomial pneumonia: mild, moderate or severe, 400 mg every 8 hours for 10 to 14 days. Skin and skin structure: mild to moderate, 400 mg every 12 hours for 7 to 14 days; severe or complicated, 400 mg every 8 hours for 7 to 14 days. Bone and joint infection: mild to moderate, 400 mg every 12 hours for more than 4 to 6 weeks; severe or complicated, 400 mg every 8 hours for more than 4 to 6 weeks. Intraabdominal (acute abdomen): complicated, 400 mg every 12 hours for 7 to 14 days. Acute sinusitis: mild or moderate, 400 mg every 12 hours for 10 days. Chronic bacterial prostatitis: mild or moderate, 400 mg every 12 hours for 28 days.