Betamethasone + Phenylephrine + Lignocaine

Betamethasone is a corticosteroid with mainly glucocorticoid activity. It induces phospholipase A2 inhibitory lipase (lipocortins), and this in turn inhibits the release of arachidonic acid step by step. The result is less formation, release and activity of prostaglandins, leukotrienes and other inflammatory mediators. Phenylephrine is a sympathomimetic. Its effects are mainly direct, on alpha-adrenergic receptors, and its beta-adrenergic activity is weak. It causes vasoconstriction of the arterioles of the nasal mucosa and conjunctiva. It also activates the dilator muscle of the pupil, which makes the pupil contract, and it produces vasoconstriction of arterioles in the body and systemic arterial vasoconstriction. Lidocaine alters signal conduction in neurons. It blocks the fast voltage-gated Na+ channels in the neuronal cell membrane, which are responsible for signal propagation. With sufficient blockage, the membrane of the postsynaptic neuron will not depolarize, so it fails to transmit an action potential.