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G-Adrenaline is indicated for:
Pharmacology
Epinephrine's actions closely resemble what happens when adrenergic nerves are stimulated. It acts on both alpha and beta receptor sites of sympathetic effector cells, with its most prominent effects seen at the beta receptors of the heart, vascular tissue and other smooth muscle. When given as a rapid intravenous injection, it produces a fast rise in blood pressure, mainly systolic, through three mechanisms: (1) direct stimulation of cardiac muscle, which strengthens ventricular contraction, (2) an increased heart rate and (3) constriction of the arterioles in the skin, mucosa and splanchnic areas of the circulation. When given as a slow intravenous injection, epinephrine usually causes only a moderate rise in systolic pressure along with a fall in diastolic pressure. Although pulse pressure increases somewhat, mean blood pressure is not usually raised by much. As a result, the compensatory reflex mechanisms triggered by a marked rise in blood pressure do not oppose epinephrine's direct cardiac actions to the same extent as they do with catecholamines that act predominantly on alpha receptors.
Dosage Reference
Reference Information Only
Dosages shown are general references from official sources. Always consult your doctor or pharmacist for personalized dosing.
Adults:
Cardiac arrest: Given by intravenous injection, 1 mg repeated every 2 to 3 minutes as needed. Endotracheal route: 2 to 3 mg given via an endotracheal tube, repeated as needed. Intracardiac route: 0.1 to 1 mg injected directly into the atrium of the heart. Intraspinal route: the usual dose is 0.2 to 0.4 mg added to the anesthetic spinal fluid mixture, to prolong the anesthetic action by limiting absorption. Anaphylaxis, asthma or severe bronchospasm: the adult dose is 0.25 to 0.5 mg. It may be repeated at 5 minute intervals until perfusion and respiratory status normalize. When diluting the dose, 1 mg of Adrenaline should be diluted in 9 ml of Normal Saline. Children: initially 10 mcg per kg body weight, not to exceed 250 mcg. This may be repeated every 3 to 5 minutes if needed, with subsequent doses of 100 mcg per kg.
Side Effects
Adrenaline can cause several side effects, and some people notice them even at small doses. The most common ones are anxiety, restlessness, dizziness, headache, palpitations and a rapid pulse. You may also feel tremors, weakness, or coldness in your hands and feet. These are more likely when adrenaline is given together with local anaesthetics.
Cautions & Contraindications
Warnings & Precautions
The solution should not be used if it is pinkish or darker than slightly yellow, or if it contains a precipitate. Adrinor is readily destroyed by alkalies and oxidizing agents, including oxygen, chlorine, iodine, permanganates, chromates, nitrites and salts of easily reducible metals, especially iron. Adrinor should not be mixed with sodium bicarbonate, as the solution is then oxidised to adrenochrome and forms polymers. It should be administered slowly and with caution to elderly patients and to those with ischemic heart disease, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hyperthyroidism or psychoneurosis. Extreme caution is required in patients with long-standing bronchial asthma and emphysema who have developed degenerative heart disease, as anginal pain may be induced when coronary insufficiency is present.
Contraindications
Contraindicated in hypertension, arteriosclerosis, coronary disease, and hyperthyroidism, and in patients taking monoamine oxidase inhibitors.
Pregnancy & Breastfeeding
Pregnancy Category C. Adrenaline crosses the placenta and passes into breast milk. It should be used during pregnancy only if the potential benefits to the mother outweigh the possible risks to the fetus. Because it is excreted in breast milk and may cause adverse effects in the infant, Adrenaline is not recommended during breastfeeding.
⚠️ Talk to your doctor before taking any medicine during pregnancy or while breastfeeding.
Overdose
An Adrenaline overdose can cause cardiac arrhythmia that leads to ventricular fibrillation. It can also cause severe hypertension, which in turn can lead to pulmonary edema and cerebral hemorrhage.
For treatment, a combined alpha and beta-adrenergic blocking agent such as Labetalol may counteract the effects of Adrenaline. A beta-blocking agent may be used for any supraventricular arrhythmias, and Phentolamine may be used to control the alpha-mediated effects on the peripheral circulation. Rapidly acting vasodilators such as nitrates and Sodium Nitroprusside may also help. Immediate resuscitation support must be available.
⚠️ In an emergency call 999 or go to the nearest hospital emergency department.
Storage
Keep Adrenaline below 25°C and away from light. Always store it where children can't reach it.
Drug Interactions
Common questions about G-Adrenaline 1 mg/ml
What is G-Adrenaline 1 mg/ml Injection?
G-Adrenaline 1 mg/ml Injection is a medicine that contains Adrenaline. It is made by Gonoshasthaya Pharmaceuticals Ltd. It belongs to the Anaphylaxis group of medicines.
What is G-Adrenaline used for?
G-Adrenaline is used for: Asthma.
What are the side effects of G-Adrenaline?
Adrenaline can cause several side effects, and some people notice them even at small doses. The most common ones are anxiety, restlessness, dizziness, headache, palpitations and a rapid pulse.
Can I take G-Adrenaline during pregnancy or while breastfeeding?
Pregnancy Category C. Adrenaline crosses the placenta and passes into breast milk. Talk to your doctor before taking any medicine during pregnancy or while breastfeeding.
What happens if I take too much G-Adrenaline?
An Adrenaline overdose can cause cardiac arrhythmia that leads to ventricular fibrillation. It can also cause severe hypertension, which in turn can lead to pulmonary edema and cerebral hemorrhage. In an emergency call 999 or go to the nearest hospital emergency department.
How should I store G-Adrenaline?
Keep Adrenaline below 25°C and away from light. Always store it where children can't reach it.
Can I take other medicines with G-Adrenaline?
Some medicines can interact with Adrenaline, for example: Levodopa + Benserazide, Flupentixol + Melitracen, Omarigliptin, Timolol Maleate, Clozapine, Voglibose. Tell your doctor or pharmacist about every medicine you take.
Do I need a prescription for G-Adrenaline?
G-Adrenaline is a prescription (Rx) medicine. Take it as your doctor advises.