Acute respiratory infection (ARI)
Acute respiratory infection (ARI)
তীব্র শ্বাসতন্ত্রের সংক্রমণ (acute respiratory infection বা ARI) শরীরের সেই অংশগুলোতে হয়, যেগুলো দিয়ে আমরা শ্বাস নিই। যেমন সাইনাস, গলা, ফুসফুস আর শ্বাসনালি।
বেশিরভাগ ARI ভাইরাসের কারণে হয়, তবে কিছু ARI ব্যাকটেরিয়ার কারণেও হয়।
ARI-এর কয়েকটি উদাহরণ:
- সাধারণ সর্দি (common cold)
- ফ্লু
- RSV
- করোনাভাইরাস (COVID-19)
- স্ল্যাপড চিক সিনড্রোম (slapped cheek syndrome)
ARI প্রায়ই নিজে থেকেই সেরে যায়। তবে কখনো কখনো অ্যান্টিবায়োটিক দিয়ে চিকিৎসা করার দরকার হতে পারে।
সাধারণ উপসর্গ
জরুরি সতর্কতা চিহ্ন
Phone 999 or go to A&E if you or your child:
- have severe or sudden chest pain that isn't going away. It may feel like pressure, tightness or squeezing
- have severe difficulty breathing, for example you struggle to speak without pausing, gasping or choking
- are coughing up blood (haemoptysis)
- collapse, faint, or have a seizure or fit for the first time
- feel more drowsy than usual or find it more difficult to wake up
- have lips or skin that are turning pale, blue or grey. On brown or black skin this is easier to see on the palms of the hands
- have blotchy or mottled skin
- have a rash that does not fade when you roll a glass over it. Use the glass test from meningitis now
Speak to your GP practice if you:
- have symptoms that are not improving or you're concerned about your symptoms
- are worried about your child
- have had a high temperature for more than 3 days
- have a temperature below 36°C
- have breathlessness which is not improving
- have had a cough for more than 3 weeks
- have symptoms that are not improving or they're affecting your daily life
- have a long-term medical condition, for example diabetes, or a heart, lung or kidney condition
- have a weakened immune system, for example because you're having chemotherapy
⚠️ এই উপসর্গের তালিকা শিক্ষামূলক উদ্দেশ্যে। এই উপসর্গগুলি থাকার অর্থ এই নয় যে আপনার এই অবস্থা রয়েছে। সঠিক নির্ণয়ের জন্য একজন ডাক্তারের পরামর্শ নিন।
সাধারণত ব্যবহৃত ওষুধ
⚠️ এই ওষুধগুলি সাধারণত এই অবস্থার নিশ্চিত নির্ণয়ের জন্য ব্যবহৃত হয়। এটি একটি সুপারিশ বা প্রেসক্রিপশন নয়। চিকিৎসা অবশ্যই আপনার ডাক্তার দ্বারা নির্ধারিত হতে হবে।
No medicines have been linked to this condition yet.
কখন ডাক্তারের কাছে যাবেন
Phone 999 or go to A&E if you or your child:
- have severe or sudden chest pain that isn't going away. It may feel like pressure, tightness or squeezing
- have severe difficulty breathing, for example you struggle to speak without pausing, gasping or choking
- are coughing up blood (haemoptysis)
- collapse, faint, or have a seizure or fit for the first time
- feel more drowsy than usual or find it more difficult to wake up
- have lips or skin that are turning pale, blue or grey. On brown or black skin this is easier to see on the palms of the hands
- have blotchy or mottled skin
- have a rash that does not fade when you roll a glass over it. Use the glass test from meningitis now
Speak to your GP practice if you:
- have symptoms that are not improving or you're concerned about your symptoms
- are worried about your child
- have had a high temperature for more than 3 days
- have a temperature below 36°C
- have breathlessness which is not improving
- have had a cough for more than 3 weeks
- have symptoms that are not improving or they're affecting your daily life
- have a long-term medical condition, for example diabetes, or a heart, lung or kidney condition
- have a weakened immune system, for example because you're having chemotherapy
Treatment
Treatment for acute respiratory infection
Most ARIs pass within 3 weeks. There are some things you can do to help relieve your symptoms until the infection clears up.
Treatment from a pharmacist
You can speak to a pharmacist for advice about acute respiratory infections and the treatments available. Your pharmacist can also advise you on whether you need to see a GP about your symptoms.
Treatment from a GP
Treatment for acute respiratory infections depends on what’s causing the infection.
If the infection is caused by a virus, like the common cold, your GP will not prescribe antibiotics.
Your GP may prescribe antibiotics if the infection is caused by bacteria, for example, if you have a chest infection.
Who’s most at risk of acute respiratory infection?
There are certain conditions that can increase your chance of serious illness.
You may be at higher risk of ARI if you have:
- Down’s syndrome, or another chromosomal disorder that affects your immune system
- certain types of cancer, or have received treatment for certain types of cancer
- sickle cell disease
- certain conditions affecting your blood
- chronic kidney disease (CKD) – stage 4 or 5
- severe liver disease
- had an organ transplant
- certain autoimmune or inflammatory conditions (like rheumatoid arthritis or inflammatory bowel disease)
- HIV or AIDS and have a weakened immune system
- a condition affecting your immune system
- a condition affecting the brain or nerves, like multiple sclerosis, muscular dystrophy, motor neurone disease, myasthenia gravis, Huntington’s disease, Parkinson’s disease or certain types of dementia
- certain lung conditions or treatments for lung conditions
If you think you’re at higher risk, speak to your doctor or specialist who can confirm it.
How to reduce the spread of infection
There are things you can do to reduce the spread of acute respiratory infection.
Prevention
গুরুতর অসুস্থতা থেকে নিজেকে রক্ষা করার সবচেয়ে ভালো উপায়গুলোর একটি হলো টিকা নেওয়া। এর মধ্যে রয়েছে:
- ফ্লুর টিকা
- করোনাভাইরাস (COVID-19)-এর টিকা
- 75 থেকে 79 বছর বয়সী প্রাপ্তবয়স্কদের জন্য RSV টিকা
- গর্ভাবস্থায় RSV টিকা
- শিশুদের ফ্লুর টিকা