Indications
Spirium is used for the long-term treatment of bronchospasm associated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), including chronic bronchitis and emphysema.
⚠️ Always consult a registered physician before taking any medicine.
Pharmacology
Tiotropium is a long-acting anticholinergic (antimuscarinic) medicine. It binds fairly evenly to all subtypes of muscarinic receptors, from M1 to M5, but its main effect in the airways comes from blocking M3-receptors on the smooth muscle that lines them, which is what allows the airways to widen (bronchodilation). Studies using both human and animal receptors, along with isolated organ tissue, have confirmed that it blocks these receptors in a competitive, reversible way. In laboratory and animal research, it prevented methacholine-induced airway narrowing in a dose-dependent manner, with the effect lasting more than 24 hours. When inhaled, Tiotropium's bronchodilating action occurs mainly at the site where it is deposited in the airways, rather than through effects elsewhere in the body.
Pregnancy & Breastfeeding
Pregnancy Category C. No adequate, well-controlled studies have looked at Tiotropium's use in pregnant women, so it should be used during pregnancy only if the potential benefit to the mother outweighs the possible risk to the fetus. Its safety and effectiveness during labor and delivery have not been studied either.
⚠️ Talk to your doctor before taking any medicine during pregnancy or while breastfeeding.
Dosage Reference
⚠️ Reference ranges from official sources only. Consult your doctor for personalized dosing.
Side Effects & Interactions
Side Effects
No side-effect data recorded yet.