Informational only — Not medical advice. Always consult a licensed healthcare provider.

MedBD
বাং
Community data Updated 2 months ago

Metformin Hydrochloride

Biguanides Prescription
Check interactions
🌐 বাংলায় দেখুন

Indications

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Diabetes Mellitus

Glunor OD tablet is used to treat type 2 diabetes mellitus, particularly in overweight patients when diet and exercise alone fail to give adequate blood sugar control. In adults, Glunor OD may be used alone or together with other oral antidiabetic medicines or with insulin. In children from 10 years of age and in adolescents, it may be used alone or together with insulin. Studies have shown that overweight adult type 2 diabetic patients who are treated with metformin as first-line therapy, after diet alone has failed, experience a reduction in diabetes-related complications.

⚠️ Always consult a registered physician before taking any medicine.

Pharmacology

Metformin is a biguanide type oral antihyperglycemic drug used to manage type 2 diabetes. It lowers both basal and postprandial plasma glucose levels. Its mechanism of action differs from that of sulfonylureas, and it does not cause hypoglycemia. Metformin reduces hepatic glucose production, decreases intestinal absorption of glucose, and improves insulin sensitivity by increasing peripheral glucose uptake and utilization.

Pregnancy & Breastfeeding

Pregnancy: Uncontrolled diabetes during pregnancy, whether gestational or pre-existing, raises the risk of birth defects and death around the time of birth. For women planning a pregnancy and for those who are already pregnant, diabetes should be managed with insulin rather than metformin, keeping blood glucose levels as close to normal as possible to lower the risk of harm to the baby.

Breastfeeding: Metformin passes into human breast milk. No harmful effects have been seen in breastfed newborns or infants, but because the available data are limited, breastfeeding is not recommended while taking metformin. The decision to stop breastfeeding should weigh the benefits of breastfeeding against the potential risk of side effects in the child.

⚠️ Talk to your doctor before taking any medicine during pregnancy or while breastfeeding.

Dosage Reference

⚠️ Reference ranges from official sources only. Consult your doctor for personalized dosing.

Adults: Metformin immediate release tablet: the dose of Metformin Hydrochloride must be individualized based on how well it controls blood sugar and how well it is tolerated, and the maximum recommended daily doses should not be exceeded. For adults, the usual starting dose of Metformin is 500 mg twice a day or 850 mg once a day, taken with meals. The dose can then be increased in steps of 500 mg every week or 850 mg every 2 weeks, up to a total of 2000 mg a day, taken in divided doses. Patients who need additional glycemic control may be given Glucomin up to a maximum daily dose of 2550 mg a day. Doses above 2000 mg a day may be tolerated better if split into three doses a day taken with meals. For children, the usual starting dose of Metformin is 500 mg twice a day, taken with meals, and the dose can be increased in steps of 500 mg every week up to a maximum of 2000 mg a day, given in divided doses. Metformin extended release tablet: the Metformin XR tablet should be swallowed whole and should never be crushed, cut or chewed. For adults, the usual starting dose of Metformin XR is 500 mg once a day, taken with the evening meal. The dose should be increased in steps of 500 mg every week, up to a maximum of 2000 mg once a day taken with the evening meal, or alternatively increased to 1000 mg twice a day taken with meals. A patient who is already taking Metformin immediate release tablets may be switched to Metformin extended release tablets, up to the maximum recommended daily dose. Metformin extended release tablets have not been studied in children. For patients with impaired kidney function, Metformin should not be used if the eGFR is below 30 mL/min/1.73 m2. The risks and benefits of continuing treatment should be assessed if the eGFR falls below 45 mL/min/1.73 m2.

Side Effects & Interactions

Side Effects

No side-effect data recorded yet.