Peritoneal Dialysis Solutions

Peritoneal Dialysis Solutions contain calcium chloride, which is used to prevent or treat negative calcium balance. It also regulates the action potential excitation threshold, and this supports nerve and muscle performance.

Potassium chloride is a major cation of the intracellular fluid. It takes an active part in conducting nerve impulses in the heart, brain and skeletal muscle. It is also involved in the contraction of cardiac, skeletal and smooth muscles, and in maintaining normal renal function, acid-base balance, carbohydrate metabolism and gastric secretion.

Sodium chloride is the major extracellular cation. It matters for electrolyte and fluid balance, osmotic pressure control and water distribution, because it restores sodium ions. It is used as a source of electrolytes and water for hydration, for treating metabolic acidosis, as a priming solution in haemodialysis and for treating hyperosmolar diabetes. It is also used as a diluent for infusion of compatible drug additives.

Sodium lactate is a sterile, nonpyrogenic solution used for fluid and electrolyte replenishment. It has a metabolic alkalinising effect and can induce diuresis, depending on the clinical condition of the patient.

Dextrose is a monosaccharide used as a source of calories and water for hydration. It helps reduce the loss of body protein and nitrogen, and it promotes glycogen deposition in the liver. When used with insulin, dextrose stimulates the uptake of potassium by cells, especially in muscle tissue, and so lowers serum potassium levels.