Informational only — Not medical advice. Always consult a licensed healthcare provider.

Community data Updated 22 hours ago

Pharmacology

Vitamin C is needed for collagen formation and tissue repair. It takes part in oxidation and reduction reactions and in other metabolic pathways, including the making of catecholamines, carnitine and steroids. It also helps convert folic acid to folinic acid.

Vitamin E helps protect red blood cells against hemolysis. It also protects the polyunsaturated fatty acids in cell membranes from the damage free radicals can cause, and it helps stop vitamin A and vitamin C from oxidising.

Zinc acts as a cofactor in over 100 enzymes. It is involved in DNA synthesis and supports a healthy immune system.

Copper is a cofactor in many enzymes, ceruloplasmin among them, and it is involved in forming transferrin, the protein that carries iron. It helps keep red and white blood cell formation at normal rates and helps prevent deficiency symptoms from developing.

Lutein is a yellow pigment that concentrates in the macula. There it filters out blue light that can damage the retina.

Dosage Reference

⚠️ Reference ranges from official sources only. Consult your doctor for personalized dosing.

Adults: Adults can take 1 to 2 capsules a day, or the amount the physician recommends.