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Indications & Uses
Sevoflurane is used to start (induce) and maintain general anesthesia in adults and children, for surgery where the patient stays in hospital and for surgery where they go home the same day. Each ml of the inhalation liquid contains Sevoflurane USP 100% V/V.
Pharmacology
Sevoflurane is a volatile liquid preparation given by inhalation. It is used as an anesthetic agent for both inducing and maintaining general anesthesia. The minimum alveolar concentration (MAC) of Sevoflurane decreases with age. Because it is only weakly soluble in blood and tissue, a sufficient alveolar concentration to produce anesthesia is reached quickly, and it is eliminated from the body just as quickly once anesthesia is stopped. Sevoflurane brings about loss of consciousness, a reversible loss of pain sensation and motor activity, a reduction in autonomic reflexes, and depression of respiratory and cardiovascular function; these effects depend on the dose given. With a low blood/gas partition coefficient of 0.65, Sevoflurane also allows patients to recover from anesthesia quickly.
Dosage Reference
Reference Information Only
Dosages shown are general references from official sources. Always consult your doctor or pharmacist for personalized dosing.
Adults:
Route of administration: Sevoflurane should be given by inhalation, delivered from a vaporizer. The concentration being delivered should be known, which can be achieved using a vaporizer calibrated specifically for Sevoflurane. It should be administered only by persons trained in giving general anesthesia, and facilities for maintaining a patent airway, artificial ventilation, oxygen enrichment and circulatory resuscitation must be immediately available. Since the level of anesthesia can change rapidly, only vaporizers that produce predictable concentrations of Sevoflurane should be used. General anesthesia must always be given according to the individual patient's response.
Pre-anesthetic medication: No specific premedication is either indicated or contraindicated with Sevoflurane. Whether to premedicate, and the choice of premedication, is left to the anesthesiologist's discretion.
Induction: Sevoflurane has a nonpungent odor and does not cause respiratory irritability, making it suitable for mask induction in both children and adults.
Maintenance: Surgical levels of anesthesia can usually be reached with concentrations of 0.5 to 3% Sevoflurane, with or without the concomitant use of nitrous oxide. Sevoflurane can be given with any type of anesthesia circuit.
Use in children and adolescents: The safety and efficacy of induction and maintenance of general anesthesia with Sevoflurane have been established in pediatric patients aged 1 to 18 years.
Side Effects
Sevoflurane can cause a number of side effects. The most frequently reported ones include a slowed heart rate, low blood pressure, restlessness, spasm of the airway (laryngospasm), obstruction of the airway, holding of the breath, increased coughing, a fast heart rate, shivering, drowsiness, excess salivation, and nausea with vomiting.
Cautions & Contraindications
Warnings & Precautions
Doctors have limited clinical experience of giving Sevoflurane to patients with renal insufficiency (creatinine >1.5 mg/dl), so its safety in these patients has not been established. When it is used for long procedures at low flow rates, Sevoflurane may be associated with glycosuria and proteinuria. It may also carry an increased risk in patients with known sensitivity to volatile halogenated anesthetic agents. Sevoflurane may cause respiratory depression, and opioid premedication or other agents that cause respiratory depression can make this worse. Reports of QT prolongation have been received. Fatal outcomes of malignant hyperthermia have been reported. Inhaled anesthetic agents have also been linked to rare rises in serum potassium, which have led to cardiac arrhythmias and death in pediatric patients during the postoperative period. Episodes of severe bradycardia and cardiac arrest have been reported during induction of anesthesia with Sevoflurane in pediatric patients with Down syndrome. These were not related to underlying congenital heart disease. During induction, the heart rate should be watched closely, and the inspired Sevoflurane concentration can be increased step by step until a suitable level of anesthesia is reached. Consider having an anticholinergic and epinephrine available when Sevoflurane is used for induction in this group of patients. While anesthesia is being maintained, raising the concentration of Sevoflurane lowers blood pressure in a dose dependent way. Excessive falls in blood pressure, or respiratory depression, may be related to the depth of anesthesia. Lowering the inspired concentration of Sevoflurane may correct them. Recovery from general anesthesia should be assessed carefully before a patient leaves the post-anesthesia care unit.
Contraindications
It is contraindicated in anyone with a known hypersensitivity to sevoflurane, to other halogenated inhalational anesthetics, or to any other ingredient in this product. It should also not be used in patients with a known or suspected genetic susceptibility to malignant hyperthermia.
Pregnancy & Breastfeeding
Pregnancy: Well-controlled safety studies of sevoflurane in pregnant women are lacking, and its safety during labor and delivery has not been established. The drug can relax the uterine smooth muscle, which may contribute to uterine atony.
Lactation: It is not known whether sevoflurane or its breakdown products pass into breast milk. To limit the infant's exposure, a breastfeeding mother may choose to pump and discard her milk for the first 24 hours after receiving sevoflurane. Sevoflurane should be used with caution in nursing mothers.
⚠️ Talk to your doctor before taking any medicine during pregnancy or while breastfeeding.
Overdose
If someone gets too much Sevoflurane, stop giving it straight away. Keep the airway open, start assisted or controlled ventilation with oxygen, and keep the cardiovascular function adequate.
⚠️ In an emergency call 999 or go to the nearest hospital emergency department.
Storage
Keep Sevoflurane below 25°C, in a dry place and away from light. Keep it out of the reach of children.
Drug Interactions
Common questions about Sevoflow 100%
What is Sevoflow 100% Nebuliser Solution?
Sevoflow 100% Nebuliser Solution is a medicine that contains Sevoflurane. It is made by Advanced Chemical Industries PLC. It belongs to the General (Inhalation) anesthetics group of medicines.
What is Sevoflow used for?
Sevoflurane is used to start (induce) and maintain general anesthesia in adults and children, for surgery where the patient stays in hospital and for surgery where they go home the same day. Each ml of the inhalation liquid contains Sevoflurane USP 100% V/V.
What are the side effects of Sevoflow?
Sevoflurane can cause a number of side effects. The most frequently reported ones include a slowed heart rate, low blood pressure, restlessness, spasm of the airway (laryngospasm), obstruction of the airway, holding of the breath, increased coughing, a fast heart rate, shivering, drowsiness, excess salivation, and nausea with vomiting.
Can I take Sevoflow during pregnancy or while breastfeeding?
Pregnancy: Well-controlled safety studies of sevoflurane in pregnant women are lacking, and its safety during labor and delivery has not been established. The drug can relax the uterine smooth muscle, which may contribute to uterine atony. Talk to your doctor before taking any medicine during pregnancy or while breastfeeding.
What happens if I take too much Sevoflow?
If someone gets too much Sevoflurane, stop giving it straight away. Keep the airway open, start assisted or controlled ventilation with oxygen, and keep the cardiovascular function adequate. In an emergency call 999 or go to the nearest hospital emergency department.
How should I store Sevoflow?
Keep Sevoflurane below 25°C, in a dry place and away from light. Keep it out of the reach of children.
Can I take other medicines with Sevoflow?
Some medicines can interact with Sevoflurane, for example: Propofol, Nitrous Oxide, Vecuronium Bromide, Verapamil Hydrochloride, Adrenaline, Atracurium Besylate. Tell your doctor or pharmacist about every medicine you take.
Do I need a prescription for Sevoflow?
Sevoflow is a prescription (Rx) medicine. Take it as your doctor advises.