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Indications & Uses
Ketozol is indicated for:
Pharmacology
Ketoconazole works by blocking 14-α-sterol demethylase, an enzyme (part of the cytochrome P-450 family) that fungi need to convert lanosterol into ergosterol, a key building block of their cell membrane. With ergosterol production shut down, the fungal membrane becomes depleted of this component and turns abnormally permeable. Blocking this pathway also causes a toxic byproduct, 14α-methyl-3,6-diol, to build up inside the fungal cell. The resulting increase in membrane fluidity is also believed to disrupt enzymes embedded in the membrane, as the molecules that normally hold them in place become less tightly packed.
Dosage Reference
Reference Information Only
Dosages shown are general references from official sources. Always consult your doctor or pharmacist for personalized dosing.
Adults:
Shampoo: To use ketoconazole 2% shampoo, shake the bottle well before use. Wet the area to be treated with a small amount of water. Apply the shampoo to the affected skin or scalp and a wide area around it. Rub it in with the fingers until it forms a lather. Leave the shampoo on the skin or scalp for 5 minutes, then rinse it off with water. For treatment of seborrheic dermatitis and dandruff, use it twice weekly for 2 to 4 weeks. For treatment of pityriasis versicolor, use it once daily for 5 days. For prophylaxis of seborrheic dermatitis and dandruff, use it once every 1 or 2 weeks. For prophylaxis of pityriasis versicolor, use it once daily for 3 days as a single treatment course before the summer.
For tinea pedis, apply ketoconazole cream to the affected areas twice daily. Mild infections are usually treated for 1 week. More severe or extensive infections, such as those involving the sole or sides of the feet, should be treated until a few days after all signs and symptoms have cleared, to prevent relapse. For other infections, apply ketoconazole cream to the affected areas once or twice daily depending on the severity of the infection, and continue until a few days after all signs and symptoms have cleared. The usual duration of treatment is 2 to 3 weeks for tinea versicolor and 3 to 4 weeks for tinea corporis. If there is no clinical improvement after 4 weeks, the diagnosis should be reconsidered. General hygiene measures should be followed to control sources of infection or reinfection. Seborrhoeic dermatitis is a chronic condition and relapse is highly likely.
For vaginal candidiasis, take 1 tablet twice daily for 5 days. For all other indications, adults take 1 tablet (200 mg) once daily until at least one week after the symptoms have disappeared and cultures have become negative. Children take 3 to 5 mg/kg/day. The duration of treatment is 1 to 6 weeks for pityriasis versicolor, 2 to 8 weeks for dermatomycoses, 1 to 12 months for onychomycoses, 1 to 2 months for mycoses of the hair and scalp, 1 to 12 months for chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis, 5 to 10 days for oral mycoses, 1 to 2 months for systemic candidiasis, and 1 month to 2 years for paracoccidioidomycosis, histoplasmosis and other systemic mycoses.
Ketoconazole bar: For body fungus, rub the bar gently over the whole body to produce a lather. Leave it on for 4 to 5 minutes, then rinse off thoroughly with water.
Side Effects
Shampoo: Topical treatment with Ketocon shampoo 2% is generally well tolerated. As with other shampoos, a local burning sensation, itching or contact dermatitis (due to irritation or allergy) may occur on exposed areas. Oily and dry hair have rarely been reported with the use of Ketocon shampoo 2%. Cream: The adverse reactions most commonly observed with Ketocon cream in clinical trials were a burning sensation, erythema and pruritus at the skin application site. Uncommon adverse reactions include application site bleeding, discomfort, dryness, inflammation, irritation, paraesthesia and reaction, as well as bullous eruption, contact dermatitis, rash, skin exfoliation and sticky skin. Tablet: Nausea, headache, diarrhea, abdominal pain and vomiting may be associated with the active components of Ketocon Tablet.
Cautions & Contraindications
Warnings & Precautions
Shampoo: If you have been using a topical corticosteroid for a long time, the steroid should be tapered off gradually over 2 to 3 weeks while you use Ketocon 2% shampoo, so that any rebound flare is avoided. Increased hair shedding is common with seborrhoeic dermatitis and dandruff themselves and has rarely been reported with Ketocon 2% shampoo. Keep the shampoo away from the eyes; if it does get into the eyes, rinse them well with water. Cream: Not for use in the eyes. If a potent topical corticosteroid has previously been used to treat seborrhoeic dermatitis, allow a recovery period of 2 weeks before starting Ketocon 2% w/w cream, because a higher rate of steroid-induced skin sensitisation has been reported when no recovery period is given. Tablet: In patients with a history of liver disease, liver enzyme levels should be monitored during treatment. If symptoms suggesting a liver reaction develop, such as nausea or fatigue together with pale stools, dark urine or jaundice, Ketocon should be stopped immediately.
Contraindications
Ketoconazole should not be used by anyone with a known hypersensitivity (allergy) to ketoconazole.
Pregnancy & Breastfeeding
Pregnancy Category C. No adequate, well-controlled studies have been done in pregnant women, though animal studies have pointed to reproductive toxicity. Because ketoconazole is not absorbed through the skin when applied topically, the 2% shampoo and cream are not contraindicated during pregnancy or breastfeeding. Ketoconazole does pass into breast milk, however, so mothers being treated with Dancel Tablets should not breastfeed.
⚠️ Talk to your doctor before taking any medicine during pregnancy or while breastfeeding.
Overdose
Shampoo: An overdose isn't expected with Ketoconazole shampoo 2%, because it is for external use only. If someone swallows it by accident, give supportive measures only. Don't induce vomiting or do gastric lavage, as this could cause aspiration.
Cream: Applying too much Ketoconazole 2% w/w cream may cause erythema, oedema and a burning sensation. These go away once the treatment is stopped. If the cream is swallowed by accident, no special measures are needed.
⚠️ In an emergency call 999 or go to the nearest hospital emergency department.
Storage
Store Ketoconazole below 25°C, and keep it away from light and moisture. Keep it out of the reach of children.
Drug Interactions
Common questions about Ketozol 2%
What is Ketozol 2% Shampoo?
Ketozol 2% Shampoo is a medicine that contains Ketoconazole. It is made by Aristopharma Limited. It belongs to the Drugs for subcutaneous and mycoses group of medicines.
What is Ketozol used for?
Ketozol is used for: Fungal Infection, Eczema, Vaginal Candidiasis, Cancer.
What are the side effects of Ketozol?
Shampoo: Topical treatment with Ketocon shampoo 2% is generally well tolerated. As with other shampoos, a local burning sensation, itching or contact dermatitis (due to irritation or allergy) may occur on exposed areas.
Can I take Ketozol during pregnancy or while breastfeeding?
Pregnancy Category C. No adequate, well-controlled studies have been done in pregnant women, though animal studies have pointed to reproductive toxicity. Talk to your doctor before taking any medicine during pregnancy or while breastfeeding.
What happens if I take too much Ketozol?
Shampoo: An overdose isn't expected with Ketoconazole shampoo 2%, because it is for external use only. If someone swallows it by accident, give supportive measures only. In an emergency call 999 or go to the nearest hospital emergency department.
How should I store Ketozol?
Store Ketoconazole below 25°C, and keep it away from light and moisture. Keep it out of the reach of children.
Can I take other medicines with Ketozol?
Some medicines can interact with Ketoconazole, for example: Lercanidipine Hydrochloride, Ebastine, Mefloquine, Rivaroxaban, Palbociclib, Abemaciclib. Tell your doctor or pharmacist about every medicine you take.
Do I need a prescription for Ketozol?
Ketozol is a prescription (Rx) medicine. Take it as your doctor advises.