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Glucose

Rx

100 % • Powder

Dextrose • Pharmasia Ltd.

Therapeutic class: Intravenous fluid preparations

Available as: 100 %

Indications & Uses

Dextrose solutions are used to treat carbohydrate and fluid depletion. They are mainly used to replace water deficiency and should be given alone when there is no significant loss of electrolytes. Water depletion (dehydration) tends to occur when these losses are not matched by a comparable intake, as may happen in coma or dysphagia, or in elderly people who may not drink enough water on their own initiative. The solution provides a readily metabolizable nutrient: one litre of a 5% solution supplies about 170 calories. Glucose solutions are also given together with calcium bicarbonate and insulin for the emergency management of hyperkalaemia. They are also given, after correction of hyperglycaemia, during treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis, and must then be accompanied by a continuing insulin infusion. This solution may also serve as a suitable vehicle for the slow intravenous infusion of numerous drugs.

Pharmacology

Dextrose is simply glucose, a type of sugar the body uses for energy. A 5% dextrose solution is given through an IV line into a vein to replace fluids that have been lost and to supply the body with carbohydrates. This solution is used to treat low blood sugar (hypoglycemia), insulin shock, and dehydration. It is also given as a source of nutrition to patients who cannot eat normally due to illness, injury, or another medical condition.

Dosage Reference

Reference Information Only

Dosages shown are general references from official sources. Always consult your doctor or pharmacist for personalized dosing.

Adults:

Dosage for 5% dextrose solution: The dose of Dextrose infusion is variable and depends on individual patient requirements. For 5% dextrose solution, the dose frequently ranges from 500 to 1000 ml. The maximum rate of infusion that will not cause glycosuria is 0.5 g/kg/hour. About 95% is retained when the rate is 0.8 g/kg/hr, and the maximum rate of glucose utilization is about 800 mg per kg body weight per hour.

10% dextrose solution: The dose is variable. It depends on the clinical condition, age and body surface area of the patient, along with the judgment of the physician. Ordinarily, normal circulation is restored by infusing 20 to 30 ml/kg as rapidly as possible. Laboratory findings should be available by this time so that the physician can proceed more slowly with logically planned subsequent fluid therapy.

25% dextrose solution: The volume and rate of infusion will depend upon the requirements of the individual patient and the judgment of the physician. The maximum rate at which dextrose can be infused without producing glycosuria is 0.5 g/kg/hr. The usual recommended flow rate for adults is 10 to 35 drops per minute, infused intravenously. It should not be administered by the SC or IM route. 25% dextrose solution should be infused through the largest available peripheral vein.

Oral powder: Adult: 10 to 20 gm as a single dose; may repeat in 10 minutes if needed. Child above 2 years: 10 to 20 gm as a single dose; may repeat in 10 minutes if needed.

Side Effects

Severe burning, pain, or swelling around the IV needle; warmth, redness, oozing, or bleeding where the IV was placed; fever, ongoing cough; high blood sugar, headache, trouble concentrating, memory problems, weakness, feeling unsteady, hallucinations, fainting, seizure, shallow breathing or breathing that stops; low potassium or anxiety, sweating, pale skin, severe shortness of breath, wheezing, pain, fast or uneven heart rate.

Cautions & Contraindications

Warnings & Precautions

Take special care with Infudex 5% in water. Check with your doctor before using this medicine if you have any doubts. You should not use this medication if you are allergic to Infudex. Serum glucose concentration should be carefully monitored, and concurrent use of insulin may be needed in diabetic patients. Infudex solution should not be mixed with whole blood, as haemolysis and clumping may occur. If rigor arises for any reason during the infusion, the infusion should be discontinued immediately. Do not use the solution if it is cloudy, contains particles, or is past its expiry date. To make sure Infudex 5% in water is safe for you, tell your doctor if you have any of these other conditions: diabetes; breathing problems; an electrolyte imbalance (such as low levels of potassium in your blood); kidney or liver disease; any allergy to foods or medicines; or if you receive regular blood transfusions.

Contraindications

Do not take this medicine, and let your doctor know, if you are allergic to dextrose. Before receiving dextrose 5% in water, tell your doctor if you have diabetes, breathing problems, an electrolyte imbalance, kidney or liver disease, any food or drug allergy, or if you receive blood transfusions on a regular basis.

Pregnancy & Breastfeeding

FDA pregnancy category C. It is not known whether dextrose 5% in water will harm an unborn baby, so tell your doctor if you are pregnant or plan to become pregnant while using this medication. It is also not known whether dextrose 5% in water passes into breast milk or could harm a nursing baby, so do not use this medication without telling your doctor if you are breast-feeding.

⚠️ Talk to your doctor before taking any medicine during pregnancy or while breastfeeding.

Storage

Store Dextrose below 30°C, and keep it away from light and moisture. Keep it out of the reach of children.

Common questions about Glucose 100 %

What is Glucose 100 % Powder?

Glucose 100 % Powder is a medicine that contains Dextrose. It is made by Pharmasia Ltd. It belongs to the Intravenous fluid preparations group of medicines.

What is Glucose used for?

Dextrose solutions are used to treat carbohydrate and fluid depletion. They are mainly used to replace water deficiency and should be given alone when there is no significant loss of electrolytes.

What are the side effects of Glucose?