Aclitol

Aclidinium bromide is a long-acting anti-muscarinic agent, often called an anticholinergic. It has a similar affinity for the muscarinic receptor subtypes M1 to M5. In the airways, it works by blocking M3 receptors on the smooth muscle, and this leads to bronchodilation. Studies on human and animal receptors and on isolated organ preparations showed that the blocking is competitive and reversible. In preclinical in vitro and in vivo studies, aclidinium bromide prevented acetylcholine-induced bronchoconstriction in a dose-dependent way, and the effect lasted longer than 24 hours. The clinical relevance of these findings is unknown. After inhalation, the bronchodilation is mainly a site-specific effect.

Formoterol fumarate is a long-acting selective beta2-adrenergic receptor agonist (LABA), also called a beta 2-agonist. When inhaled, it acts locally in the lung as a bronchodilator. The effects of beta 2-adrenoceptor agonist drugs, formoterol included, are at least in part due to stimulation of intracellular adenyl cyclase. This is the enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) to cyclic-3', 5'-adenosine monophosphate (cyclic AMP). Higher cyclic AMP levels relax the bronchial smooth muscle. They also reduce the release of mediators of immediate hypersensitivity from cells, especially from mast cells.

There aren't any adequate, well-controlled studies of Aclidinium Bromide + Formoterol Fumarate in pregnant women, so the risks linked to the medicine aren't known. The same is true for its two components, aclidinium bromide and formoterol fumarate, when each is studied on its own. There are also no data on how aclidinium bromide or formoterol fumarate affect a breastfed child or milk production, or whether either one passes into human milk.