ইঙ্গিত ও ব্যবহার
Tetagam-P is indicated for the prophylaxis of tetanus following injury in patients whose immunization is incomplete or uncertain, as well as for the therapeutic treatment of tetanus. Tetanus immunoglobulin should always be given together with an active tetanus vaccination, unless contraindications exist or adequate vaccination has already been confirmed.
ডোজ নির্দেশিকা
শুধুমাত্র নির্দেশিকা তথ্য
প্রদর্শিত ডোজগুলি সরকারি উৎসের সাধারণ নির্দেশিকা। ব্যক্তিগতকৃত ডোজের জন্য সর্বদা আপনার ডাক্তার বা ফার্মাসিস্টের পরামর্শ নিন।
Adults:
Post-exposure prophylaxis of tetanus: For adults and children, a single dose of 250 IU should be given. The dose may be increased to 500 IU in the following cases: infected wounds where surgically appropriate treatment cannot be achieved within 24 hours; deep or contaminated wounds with tissue damage and reduced oxygen supply, as well as foreign body injury (e.g., bites, stings or shots); burns; frostbite; tissue necrosis; septicaemic abortion; and adults weighing more than the average. In case of extensive burns, it is advisable to administer a second injection of 250 IU human tetanus immunoglobulin after the exudative phase of the burn has subsided (about 36 hours after onset of the burn). At the same time, 0.5 ml of tetanus vaccine should be administered in a different extremity with a separate syringe, and the complete immunization schedule should be followed. Therapy of clinically manifest tetanus: For adults and children, single doses of 3,000 to 6,000 IU are given, in combination with other appropriate clinical procedures.
পার্শ্বপ্রতিক্রিয়া
Adverse reaction following administration of Tetagam-P is infrequent and mild, but severe local and systemic reactions have occurred rarely. Local reactions at the injection site: Local pain, tenderness or swelling. In rare cases the following adverse reactions may occur: Immune system disorders: Allergic reactions including fall in blood pressure, dyspnoea, cutaneous reactions, in isolated cases reaching as far as anaphylactic shock, even when the patient has shown no hypersensitivity to previous administration of immunoglobulins. Generalized reactions: Chills, fever, headache, malaise, nausea, vomiting, arthralgia and moderate back pain. Heart and vascular disorders: Cardiovascular reactions particularly if the product is inadvertently injected intravascularly.
সতর্কতা ও নিষেধাজ্ঞা
Warnings & Precautions
Should not be given by intravenous injection. A separate sterile syringe must be used for each patient, to prevent the possible transmission of hepatitis B and other infectious diseases. It should be given with caution to individuals who have shown systemic allergic reactions to immunoglobulin, and epinephrine (0.1 to 0.5 ml, 1:1000) should be kept available for immediate treatment. In patients with severe thrombocytopenia or any coagulation disorder that would otherwise rule out an intramuscular injection, Tetagam-P should be given only if the expected benefits outweigh the risks. While administering Tetagam-P, care should be taken to draw back the plunger of the syringe before injecting, to make sure the needle has not entered a blood vessel. Tetagam-P is prepared from human plasma and is pasteurized in bulk to reduce the risk of viral infection, but freedom from the risk of unknown viruses, such as Parvovirus B-19, cannot be assumed. The patient should be watched closely for a long period after the injection is given.
নিষেধাজ্ঞা
Known hypersensitivity to any component of the product or to human immunoglobulins in general is a contraindication. Like any other intramuscular injection, human tetanus immunoglobulin is not recommended for patients with bleeding disorders. In those with a history of immunoglobulin A (IgA) deficiency or severe anaphylactic reactions to plasma products, the risk-benefit ratio must be carefully weighed before use.